Recently, insurance gets a deserved popularity. Our state is on the way other developed countries, where insurance is reliable protection from unreasonable risks of property.How to keep things dear to us and find peace?
The first thought that occurs when an expensive purchase - insurance of property against various attacks or natural disasters. Because no other way to return the spent money, sometimes even involved in the loan, simply do not exist.
Still remains urgent property insurance companies and organizations as well as personal property from fire and theft. The experience of many people affected by the fires this summer, raises questions about the true value of the objects surrounding us, giving to a familiar comfort.
With what was perceived grievances suddenly became part of our lives CTP? Now many people will appreciate the advantages of insurance risk, get more and helmets. Because confidence is expensive.
The economic risks that may be incurred by each person in the absence of insurance, eventually limited to the value of the property. Therefore, the choice to insure or not to insure belongs to each individual.
The situation is different for all of the same property companies. Possible risk of loss of fixed assets may lead to significant losses or even bankruptcy. This simply must not be allowed to private capital, let alone the public. Separate federal laws require it of property companies and organizations.
In this case, insurance is a reliable way to protect the property of the federal state enterprises and enterprises in other forms of property. Low rates will not have a significant impact on the cost per unit of product or service. Moreover, these costs in full could be included in enterprise income tax.
In modern conditions, carelessness can cost you dear. The head of each company should take this into account and be aware of the responsibility that it takes for the plant property and the entire work team.
Property insurance companies and organizations affected fully all aspects of the activity - the fear of not only their property, but also the risks of individual transactions and financial transactions. And even goods in transit are insured against the possible risk of accidental damage or theft.
Due to high demand for insurance services, the number of insurance companies is increasing. Also growing branch network of major insurers. That's why business leaders have the opportunity to choose the most favorable terms of insurance: the terms, payments and additional bonuses.
Thus, insurance - one indispensable tool that should effectively use to prevent their property from hazards.
Victim under the law is entitled to compensation in full. This creates a causer interest to insurance, the object of which is the source of increased danger and property interest that is associated with this source, owner by civil law to compensate the damage caused to third parties. Subjects such insurance relationship:
policyholder - a legal person - the owner of the source of increased risk;
insurer - a legal entity created to carry on insurance business, duly registered and is licensed to host civil liability insurance company - a source of increased risk;
third person - the victim, the benefit of which is an insurance contract and reimbursed injuries (damage to or destruction of the property, loss of revenue, non-pecuniary damage, costs of responding to the direct effects of the accident, etc.). Insurer and the insured enter into contractual relations. The contract of insurance is to provide financial security for compensation for damage caused to the insured victim.
The insurance premium under the contract depends on the amount received by the insurer liabilities, list of insurance risks, limits of liability insurance, life insurance.
Environmental insurance for owners of high-risk sources - the kind of liability insurance companies and organizations - the owners of high-risk sources (Article 1079 of the Civil Code), as in accordance with the civil law causing harm to another person is the basis of a range of civil rights and obligations in terms of redress in case of violation:
property rights, which are the subject of things and property rights;
intangible benefits, which are subject to life and dignity.
The owner of the source of increased danger is liable for damage caused by such a source, except if he proves that the damage was caused by willful misconduct of the victim or the circumstances of insuperable force for the tortfeasor (when he could not foresee or prevent the action of such circumstances). Hence, the object of environmental insurance - is the owner of the property interest of the source of increased risk associated with its duty by civil law to compensate for harm caused to third parties as a result of environmental pollution caused by the activities of the enterprise or organization - a source of increased danger.
Subjects Environmental Insurance:
policyholder - a legal person owning the source of increased danger, entered into an agreement with the insurer, environmental insurance, property interests which are the subject of insurance;
insurer - a legal person having a license to conduct environmental insurance and sign a contract with the insurer environmental insurance;
Insured - the injured third party to whom the contract for damages.
Parties to the contract of insurance is the insurer and the insured. Environmental insurance contract is to provide financial security for compensation for damage caused to the victim insurer, and the insurer's obligation to carry out insurance benefits when the insured event is executed in favor of the victim.
The insurance premium depends on the amount received by the insurer of insurance liabilities, list of insurance risks, limits of liability insurance for the whole contract or a separate occurrence, as well as the insurance period.
Insurance event in environmental insurance is the fact of the insured obligation to compensate the damage caused to the victim as a result of the adverse effects on the environment caused by a sudden, unexpected, identify and unintentional events (alarm events) in the implementation of an enterprise or organization - a source of danger the contractual insurance activities dangerous to others. Therefore, the insurance contract must have the type of activity (type of hazardous activities), the company or organization - a source of increased risk (the list of dangerous substances) and emergency events.
If the insured event and the liability is not established on the basis of recognition of the contractual parties (to the victim) with the participation of the victim, the fact that the onset of civil liability may be established by the court, which determines the amount of damage (harm) to be reimbursed the tortfeasor.
Environmental risks lead to losses, which can be classified as follows:
losses relating to compensation for damage caused to the property interests of the victim - the legal entity (damage to or destruction of the property, the additional costs associated with damage or destruction of their property, lost profits);
losses relating to compensation for damage caused to the property interests of the victim - an individual (damage to or destruction of the property, the additional costs associated with damage or destruction to property, loss of profits, injury to the health damage caused by the death of a natural person including compensation to the dependents of the deceased individual or eligible to receive maintenance from him, moral hazard);
insured losses related to court costs for in legal proceedings for compensation for harm caused by him;
costs of the insured at the elimination of direct consequences of the accident related to the rehabilitation of contaminated territories (land reclamation, gathering spots on the water surface, etc.);
costs of the insured to an independent examination.
As can be seen from the classification, one of the payments directed to compensation for the loss of the insured, the other - the victim's losses.
The sum insured under a contract of environmental insurance - is the maximum guaranteed amount of insurance benefits under the insurance contract as a whole or for individual risk. In this case, the insured amount may be determined by one group or loss statement.
Features Environmental Insurance: Implications of the insured event are usually disastrous for the insured and the insurer, so the size of potential losses can be very large, the consequences, including the size of losses, it is difficult to predict in advance, policyholders are the owners of high-risk sources that defines a broad range of grounds for of liabilities to third parties caused harm compared with other members of civil law, and for the consequences of man-made disaster caused by contamination of the environment and caused in connection with the damage to third parties, is typical duration of the "manifestation, the finding of injury depends on the type of hazardous substance , limits on individual insurance event, the individual loss, group losses in general insurance contract or franchise (preferably absolute) are set by the insurer itself, according to the capabilities cover the losses and risks, set the period during which the insurer fulfills the insurance liability (typically up to 3 years from the accident, which occurred in the period of insurance.)
Difficulties in determining the degree of risk and insurance rate necessitate a different approach to ensure the financial sustainability of insurance operations under contracts of this type of insurance, so it is usually generate additional insurance reserves to fulfill obligations under environmental insurance, given the fluctuations loss reserve, the reserve for disasters. Insurance portfolio should include a sufficiently large number of insurance risks that are homogeneous in content and value, to provide the necessary distribution of possible harm to the participants of insurance.
